had failed to increase human welfare, instead contributing to the "terrible insecurity" of the atomic age.

The difficulty of the problem lies in the fact that the solution requires a degree of mutual trust which does not exist today. The problem is not one of technology or science, but of the human mind and heart.

. This activism paved the way for his final public act, the 1955 Russell-Einstein Manifesto, which urged global leaders to prioritize humanity over national conflict. Nuclear Museum